Rates and Risk Factors in Macrosomic Newborns among Non-Diabetic Parturients at Tiznit City, Morocco: A Case-Control Study

Background: The present study was elaborated to assess the prevalence of high birth weight and its related risk factors for macrosomic infants among women in Southern Morocco. Methods: A case-control study was conducted on term singleton live-births, with no morbidity or malformation, of a sample of (n = 78) nulliparous and multiparous non-diabetic women delivering at Hassan I Provincial Hospital. Cases included neonates ≥ 4000 g, whereas controls comprised infants with birth weight between 2500 and 3999 g. Personal information was collected from pregnant women using a structured questionnaire, and through a review of their medical records. Associations between exposure and dependent variable (macrosomia) were calculated using linear and logistic regressions. Results: Macrosomia prevalence was 35.89%. Mean birth weight in cases was 4310.71 ± 246.96 g, and in controls 3076.00 ± 533.97 g. Maternal lifestyle behaviors, as well as sociodemographic factors were not associated with macrosomia, except for maternal age over 40 years (OR: 4.27, 95% CI: 0.98 18.68). Logistic regression model analysis indicated that macrosomia was strongly associated with hormone therapy (adjusted OR: 18.83, 95% CI: 1.54 214.51), followed by obesity/overweight history (adjusted OR: 7.94, 95% CI: 1.52 41.41), and pre-pregnancy BMI ≥ 25 Kg/m for pooled overweight and obesity factor (adjusted OR: 5.24, 95% CI: 1.54 17.82). Conclusion: Pre-pregnancy BMI > 25 kg/m2, pre-existing overweight/ obesity, and hormone therapy should be considered as independent risk factors for fetal macrosomia and require more attention from health professionals. Subject Areas Epidemiology, Women’s Health, Nutrition How to cite this paper: Korrida, A. (2017) Rates and Risk Factors in Macrosomic Newborns among Non-Diabetic Parturients at Tiznit City, Morocco: A Case-Control Study. Open Access Library Journal, 4: e4225. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1104225 Received: November 30, 2017 Accepted: December 18, 2017 Published: December 21, 2017 Copyright © 2017 by author and Open Access Library Inc. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution International License (CC BY 4.0). http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ Open Access